目的 研究不同盐碱胁迫对金丝楸幼苗生长、光合和生理指标的影响，并结合转录组测序分析，探究楸树耐盐碱的生理机制和分子机制。 方法 采用盆栽法对金丝楸幼苗进行不同盐碱胁迫处理，分析其生物量、光合及生理指标对不同盐碱响应的差异，采用Illumina高通量测序技术进行转录组测序，通过生物信息学分析盐碱胁迫对转录水平的影响。 结果 不同盐碱胁迫下，金丝楸幼苗叶片受伤害程度为Na₂CO₃>混合盐碱>NaCl；新增株高和地径、地上部和根的干质量和鲜质量、生物量、根冠比均受到明显抑制，并随盐碱浓度增加而抑制加强，但生长胁迫指数均随浓度的增加而降低；丙二醛（MDA）含量和相对电导率都随胁迫浓度增加而不同程度上升，超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）活性、可溶性糖含量、脯氨酸（Pro）含量、叶绿素总量和光合速率都呈现先上升后下降的趋势。转录组测序共产生约60.4 Gb原始数据，组装得到55 793个Unigenes，其中29 534（52.93%）个Unigenes获得了注释；通过差异表达基因（DEGs）分析，3个比较组（CK vs NaCl，CK vs Na₂CO₃ 和 CK vs 混合盐碱）分别筛选出1 779、2 835和4 059 个DEGs；DEGs GO富集分析表明，膜的整体成分、膜的内在成分、催化活性、类异戊二烯代谢和合成过程、氧化还原酶活性等条目被显著富集；DEGs KEGG分析表明，苯丙素生物合成、淀粉和蔗糖代谢、植物激素信号转导、萜类主干生物合成和精氨酸代谢等通路被显著富集；此外，在DEGs中鉴定的bHLH、ERF、MYB-related、NAC、C2H2、WRKY、MYB和bZIP转录因子家族成员最多。 结论 金丝楸主要通过积累可溶性糖和Pro，提高SOD酶活和光合作用来抵御盐碱胁迫，但都呈现“低促高抑”的现象，说明其具有一定阈值。金丝楸通过调节膜成分、催化活性、类异戊二烯代谢和生物合成过程、苯丙素生物合成、淀粉和蔗糖代谢、植物激素信号转导等生物过程和代谢途径，并结合有关转录因子共同响应盐碱胁迫。本研究为深入研究楸树耐盐碱生理机制和分子机制提供科学的理论依据。

Longnan City in Gansu Province is the largest base of olive production in China. In the olive orchard locating in Wudu District of Longnan City, thirty trees were sampled each of three cultivars, ‘Leccino’, ‘Chenggu32’, ‘Ezhi8’, with monoconical and vase training system. After planted with density of 5×6 m in 1992, each sample tree was investigated to determine the yield fresh fruit in five different years. The results of survey and analysis showed that there were significant differences of fruit yield among 5 years and 3 cultivars. Different canopy shapes yielded some effect on fruit setting rate and yield of different cultivars in different years. During first fruiting period in the fourth/sixth year after planting, fruit setting rate and yield of ‘Leccino’ with monocone were more 6.7% and 0.15 kg than those with vase and those of ‘Ezhi8’ and ‘Chenggu32’ with vase were more 20%, 10% and 0.18 kg, 0.09 kg than those with monocone. With the increase of tree age, fruit set and yield of ‘Leccino’ and ‘Ezhi8’ with vase was more than those of monocone. In 2011, average yields per tree of ‘Leccino’ and ‘Ezhi8’ with vase were more 13.35 kg and 6.85 kg than those with monocone. And the highest yield per tree of ‘Leccino’ with vase was 75 kg, more 16 kg than that of monocone. Fruit trees with yield over 35 kg of ‘Leccino’ and 25 kg of ‘Ezhi8’ with vase accounted for 80% and 46.7%, more 40% and 30.01% than those of monocone. It was concluded that vase training system would produce higher yield of ‘Leccino’ and ‘Ezhi8’ and its effect and advantages were gradually prominent with increase age. As for ‘Chenggu32’, monocone got a slightly higher yield than that of vase and in 2011 fruit trees with yield over 15 kg accounted for 25%, more 8.34% than vase. The difference between two training system of this cultivar was not obvious.

目的 根据Ikdea对HycuNPV全基因组序列的分析，筛选出功能还未被研究的、保守性高的ORF72基因。 方法 将ORF72基因构建到原核表达载体pGEX-4T-1上，对其进行诱导表达，优化表达的条件，并通过GST亲和层析色谱柱纯化融合蛋白。 结果 重组质粒pGEX-4T-1-ORF72的酶切检测以及测序结果均正确，证明重组质粒载体构建成功。通过SDS-PAGE凝胶电泳显示，ORF72蛋白能够与pGEX-4T-1载体上的GST标签蛋白进行融合表达，诱导表达后的融合蛋白大小约为38.2 kDa。优化后的表达条件为：异丙基硫代β-D-半乳糖苷（IPTG）诱导浓度为1.0 mmol·L^-1，最佳诱导温度为25℃，最佳诱导时间为4 h，并且该蛋白在大肠杆菌BL21和Rosetta表达菌株中均能很好的表达，但在Rosetta菌株中表达量更高。 结论 成功构建了pGEX-4T-1-ORF72原核表达载体，确定出ORF72融合蛋白最佳诱导表达条件，诱导表达并纯化出ORF72融合蛋白，为进一步研究其生物功能奠定基础。

目的 探究伊氏杀线真菌与苏云金芽孢杆菌（Bacillus thuringiensis，Bt）对松材线虫的联合毒力。 方法 使用Esteya vermicola孢子悬浮液与Bt发酵液处理松材线虫，通过线虫的形态变化、死亡率及死亡速度3个方面测定E.vermicola与Bt联合对松材线虫的影响。 结果 经过E.vermicola孢子悬浮液处理过的线虫会出现内容物渗漏，体腔收缩、弯曲、断裂的现象；高浓度的E.vermicola孢子悬浮液与Bt发酵液联合处理松材线虫可以明显地提高线虫的死亡率，最高可以达到100%；联合处理的线虫死亡速度较快，随着处理时间的延长，死亡率会一直呈上升的趋势。 结论 应用这两种生防微生物在合适的浓度下混配能够在较短时间内提高松材线虫的死亡率